Creating an SSH key on Windows 1. Check for existing SSH keys. You should check for existing SSH keys on your local computer. You can use an existing SSH key with Bitbucket Server if you want, in which case you can go straight to either SSH user keys for personal use or SSH access keys for system use. Open a command prompt, and run. Apr 12, 2018 SSH-key-based authentication provides a more secure alternative to password-based authentication. In this tutorial we'll learn how to set up SSH key-based authentication on an Ubuntu 16.04 installation. Aug 28, 2016 sudo gedit /etc/ssh/sshdconfig. Note: Set PubkeyAuthentication to Yes. Once the changes are made reload ssh. Sudo /etc/init.d/ssh reload. First, we have to generate an SSH key for the hduser user. To generate SSH key: su hduser. Enter the password of the hduser. Hadoop uses SSH (to access its nodes) which would normally require the user to.
- Hadoop Commands In Linux
- Command To Generate Ssh Key In Hadoop Data
- Command To Generate Ssh Key In Hadoop Download
- Hadoop Commands Tutorial
title | description | services | documentationcenter | author | manager | editor | tags | keywords | ms.assetid | ms.service | ms.devlang | ms.topic | ms.tgt_pltfrm | ms.workload | ms.date | ms.author | ms.custom |
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Use SSH with Hadoop - Azure HDInsight | Microsoft Docs | You can access HDInsight using Secure Shell (SSH). This document provides information on connecting to HDInsight using the ssh and scp commands from Windows, Linux, Unix, or macOS clients. | jhubbard | azure-portal | hadoop commands in linux,hadoop linux commands,hadoop macos,ssh hadoop,ssh hadoop cluster | hdinsight | get-started-article | big-data | larryfr |
Learn how to use Secure Shell (SSH) to securely connect to Hadoop on Azure HDInsight.
HDInsight can use Linux (Ubuntu) as the operating system for nodes within the Hadoop cluster. The following table contains the address and port information needed when connecting to Linux-based HDInsight using an SSH client:
Address | Port | Connects to.. |
---|---|---|
<clustername>-ed-ssh.azurehdinsight.net | 22 | Edge node (R Server on HDInsight) |
<edgenodename>.<clustername>-ssh.azurehdinsight.net | 22 | Edge node (any other cluster type, if an edge node exists) |
<clustername>-ssh.azurehdinsight.net | 22 | Primary headnode |
<clustername>-ssh.azurehdinsight.net | 23 | Secondary headnode |
[!NOTE]Replace
<edgenodename>
with the name of the edge node.Replace
<clustername>
with the name of your cluster.If your cluster contains an edge node, we recommend that you always connect to the edge node using SSH. The head nodes host services that are critical to the health of Hadoop. The edge node runs only what you put on it.
For more information on using edge nodes, see Use edge nodes in HDInsight.
SSH clients
Linux, Unix, and macOS systems provide the
ssh
and scp
commands. The ssh
client is commonly used to create a remote command-line session with a Linux or Unix-based system. The scp
client is used to securely copy files between your client and the remote system.Microsoft Windows does not provide any SSH clients by default. The
ssh
and scp
clients are available for Windows through the following packages:- Azure Cloud Shell: The Cloud Shell provides a Bash environment in your browser, and provides the
ssh
,scp
, and other common Linux commands. - Bash on Ubuntu on Windows 10: The
ssh
andscp
commands are available through the Bash on Windows command line. - Git (https://git-scm.com/): The
ssh
andscp
commands are available through the GitBash command line. - GitHub Desktop (https://desktop.github.com/) The
ssh
andscp
commands are available through the GitHub Shell command line. GitHub Desktop can be configured to use Bash, the Windows Command Prompt, or PowerShell as the command line for the Git Shell. - OpenSSH (https://github.com/PowerShell/Win32-OpenSSH/wiki/Install-Win32-OpenSSH): The PowerShell team is porting OpenSSH to Windows, and provides test releases.[!WARNING]The OpenSSH package includes the SSH server component,
sshd
. This component starts an SSH server on your system, allowing others to connect to it. Do not configure this component or open port 22 unless you want to host an SSH server on your system. It is not required to communicate with HDInsight.
There are also several graphical SSH clients, such as PuTTY (http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/) and MobaXterm (http://mobaxterm.mobatek.net/). While these clients can be used to connect to HDInsight, the process of connecting is different than using the
ssh
utility. For more information, see the documentation of the graphical client you are using.Authentication: SSH Keys
SSH keys use Public-key cryptography to authenticate SSH sessions. SSH keys are more secure than passwords, and provide an easy way to secure access to your Hadoop cluster.
If your SSH account is secured using a key, the client must provide the matching private key when you connect:
- Most clients can be configured to use a default key. For example, the
ssh
client looks for a private key at~/.ssh/id_rsa
on Linux and Unix environments. - You can specify the path to a private key. With the
ssh
client, the-i
parameter is used to specify the path to private key. For example,ssh -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa [email protected]
. - If you have multiple private keys for use with different servers, consider using a utility such as ssh-agent (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ssh-agent). The
ssh-agent
utility can be used to automatically select the key to use when establishing an SSH session.
[!IMPORTANT]
If you secure your private key with a passphrase, you must enter the passphrase when using the key. Utilities such as
ssh-agent
can cache the password for your convenience.Create an SSH key pair
Use the
ssh-keygen
command to create public and private key files. The following command generates a 2048-bit RSA key pair that can be used with HDInsight:You are prompted for information during the key creation process. For example, where the keys are stored or whether to use a passphrase. After the process completes, two files are created; a public key and a private key.
- The public key is used to create an HDInsight cluster. The public key has an extension of
.pub
. - The private key is used to authenticate your client to the HDInsight cluster.
[!IMPORTANT]You can secure your keys using a passphrase. A passphrase is effectively a password on your private key. Even if someone obtains your private key, they must have the passphrase to use the key.
Create HDInsight using the public key
Creation method | How to use the public key |
---|---|
Azure portal | Uncheck Use same password as cluster login, and then select Public Key as the SSH authentication type. Finally, select the public key file or paste the text contents of the file in the SSH public key field. |
Azure PowerShell | Use the -SshPublicKey parameter of the New-AzureRmHdinsightCluster cmdlet and pass the contents of the public key as a string. |
Azure CLI 1.0 | Use the --sshPublicKey parameter of the azure hdinsight cluster create command and pass the contents of the public key as a string. |
Resource Manager Template | For an example of using SSH keys with a template, see Deploy HDInsight on Linux with SSH key. The publicKeys element in the azuredeploy.json file is used to pass the keys to Azure when creating the cluster. |
Authentication: Password
SSH accounts can be secured using a password. When you connect to HDInsight using SSH, you are prompted to enter the password.
Hadoop Commands In Linux
[!WARNING]We do not recommend using password authentication for SSH. Passwords can be guessed and are vulnerable to brute force attacks. Instead, we recommend that you use SSH keys for authentication.
Create HDInsight using a password
Creation method | How to specify the password |
---|---|
Azure portal | By default, the SSH user account has the same password as the cluster login account. To use a different password, uncheck Use same password as cluster login, and then enter the password in the SSH password field. |
Azure PowerShell | Use the --SshCredential parameter of the New-AzureRmHdinsightCluster cmdlet and pass a PSCredential object that contains the SSH user account name and password. |
Azure CLI 1.0 | Use the --sshPassword parameter of the azure hdinsight cluster create command and provide the password value. |
Resource Manager Template | For an example of using a password with a template, see Deploy HDInsight on Linux with SSH password. The linuxOperatingSystemProfile element in the azuredeploy.json file is used to pass the SSH account name and password to Azure when creating the cluster. |
Change the SSH password
For information on changing the SSH user account password, see the Change passwords section of the Manage HDInsight document.
Authentication: Domain-joined HDInsight
If you are using a domain-joined HDInsight cluster, you must use the
kinit
command after connecting with SSH. This command prompts you for a domain user and password, and authenticates your session with the Azure Active Directory domain associated with the cluster.For more information, see Configure domain-joined HDInsight.
Connect to nodes
The head nodes and edge node (if there is one) can be accessed over the internet on ports 22 and 23.
- When connecting to the head nodes, use port 22 to connect to the primary head node and port 23 to connect to the secondary head node. The fully qualified domain name to use is
clustername-ssh.azurehdinsight.net
, whereclustername
is the name of your cluster. - When connectiung to the edge node, use port 22. The fully qualified domain name is
edgenodename.clustername-ssh.azurehdinsight.net
, whereedgenodename
is a name you provided when creating the edge node.clustername
is the name of the cluster.
[!IMPORTANT]The previous examples assume that you are using password authentication, or that certificate authentication is occuring automatically. If you use an SSH key-pair for authentication, and the certificate is not used automatically, use the
-i
parameter to specify the private key. For example, ssh -i ~/.ssh/mykey [email protected]
.Once connected, the prompt changes to indicate the SSH user name and the node you are connected to. For example, when connected to the primary head node as
sshuser
, the prompt is sshuser@hn0-clustername:~$
.Connect to worker and Zookeeper nodes
The worker nodes and Zookeeper nodes are not directly accessible from the internet. They can be accessed from the cluster head nodes or edge nodes. The following are the general steps to connect to other nodes:
- Pokemon world online registration key generator. Use SSH to connect to a head or edge node:
- From the SSH connection to the head or edge node, use the
ssh
command to connect to a worker node in the cluster:To retrieve a list of the domain names of the nodes in the cluster, see the Manage HDInsight by using the Ambari REST API document.
If the SSH account is secured using a password, enter the password when connecting.
If the SSH account is secured using SSH keys, make sure that SSH forwarding is enabled on the client.
[!NOTE]Another way to directly access all nodes in the cluster is to install HDInsight into an Azure Virtual Network. Then, you can join your remote machine to the same virtual network and directly access all nodes in the cluster.
For more information, see Use a virtual network with HDInsight.
Configure SSH agent forwarding
Command To Generate Ssh Key In Hadoop Data
[!IMPORTANT]The following steps assume a Linux or UNIX-based system, and work with Bash on Windows 10. If these steps do not work for your system, you may need to consult the documentation for your SSH client.
- Using a text editor, open
~/.ssh/config
. If this file doesn't exist, you can create it by enteringtouch ~/.ssh/config
at a command line. - Add the following text to the
config
file.Twonky server license key generator online. Replace the Host information with the address of the node you connect to using SSH. The previous example uses the edge node. This entry configures SSH agent forwarding for the specified node. - Test SSH agent forwarding by using the following command from the terminal:This command returns information similar to the following text:If nothing is returned, then
ssh-agent
is not running. For more information, see the agent startup scripts information at Using ssh-agent with ssh (http://mah.everybody.org/docs/ssh) or consult your SSH client documentation. - Once you have verified that ssh-agent is running, use the following to add your SSH private key to the agent:https://identityskiey706.weebly.com/blog/empire-total-war-multiplayer-campaign-key-generator. If your private key is stored in a different file, replace
~/.ssh/id_rsa
with the path to the file. - Connect to the cluster edge node or head nodes using SSH. Then use the SSH command to connect to a worker or zookeeper node. The connection is established using the forwarded key.
Copy files
The
scp
utility can be used to copy files to and from individual nodes in the cluster. For example, the following command copies the test.txt
directory from the local system to the primary head node:Since no path is specified after the
:
, the file is placed in the sshuser
home directory.The following example copies the
test.txt
file from the sshuser
home directory on the primary head node to the local system:[!IMPORTANT]
scp
can only access the file system of individual nodes within the cluster. It cannot be used to access data in the HDFS-compatible storage for the cluster.Use
scp
when you need to upload a resource for use from an SSH session. For example, upload a Python script and then run the script from an SSH session.For information on directly loading data into the HDFS-compatible storage, see the following documents:
Command To Generate Ssh Key In Hadoop Download
- HDInsight using Azure Storage.
- HDInsight using Azure Data Lake Store.